Caracterización Físico-Química Y Microbiológica De Suelos Paramunos Del P.N.N. Sumapaz Sometidos Al Cultivo Convencional Y Orgánico De Papa Post-Descanso De Actividad Agrícola
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En la zona de amortiguamiento del páramo de Sumapaz se caracterizaron físico- química y microbiológicamente los suelos sometidos a actividades agrícolas intensivas de papa en la vereda El Curubital. Siguiendo un diseño de bloques completo aleatorizados se analizó el suelo en parcelas con diferentes tiempos de descanso (2 y 7 años) y tres tipos de siembra (orgánica, convencional y control). Los análisis físico-químicos y microbiológicos siguieron métodos estandarizados para infiltración, color, humedad, textura, Nitrógeno, Fósforo, Carbono orgánico total, pH y respiración microbiana. Los resultados analizados mediante ANOVA muestran en los análisis microbiológicos una clara tendencia al incremento con los años del descanso en el sentido etapa inicial > intermedia. El análisis químico del suelo muestra que la mayoría de los valores no se ven afectados por el tiempo de descanso con valores altos para el COT, y relativamente pobre en N total y P disponible. El pH por otro lado se mantuvo constante a través del tiempo. Por otro lado las variables microbiológicas principalmente representan variaciones significativas estadísticamente debido a la labranza aplicada durante el proceso de cultivo. Finalmente puedo concluirse que el tiempo de descanso agrícola moderado (siete años) al que fueron sometidos los suelos del PNN Sumapaz parece no ser suficiente para una restauración natural de las propiedades físicas y químicas de estos; por otro lado también que la caracterización de los suelos estudiados presenta variaciones representativas con respecto a los suelos de los cultivos sometidos a un manejo agrícola convencional.
Physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of the soils belonging to the Sumapaz moorland buffer zone under intensive potato farming in El Curubital were characterized. Following a randomized complete block design, the soil was analyzed in plots with different rest periods (2 and 7 years) and three types of sowing (organic, conventional and control). Physical-chemical and microbiological analyzes followed standardized methods for infiltration, color, moisture, texture, nitrogen, phosphorus, total organic carbon, pH and microbial respiration. The results analyzed by ANOVA show in the microbiological analyzes a clear tendency to increase with the rest years in the initial> intermediate stage. Soil chemical analysis shows that most of the values are not affected by the rest time with high values for TOC, and relatively poor in total N and P available. The pH on the other hand remained constant over time. On the other hand the microbiological variables mainly represent statistically significant variations due to the tillage applied during the cultivation process. Finally, it can be concluded that the moderate agricultural rest period (seven years) to which the soils of the Sumapaz moor were subjected seem not to be sufficient for a natural restoration of the physical and chemical properties of these; on the other hand also that the characterization of the soils studied presents representative variations with respect to the soils of the crops under conventional agricultural management.
Physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of the soils belonging to the Sumapaz moorland buffer zone under intensive potato farming in El Curubital were characterized. Following a randomized complete block design, the soil was analyzed in plots with different rest periods (2 and 7 years) and three types of sowing (organic, conventional and control). Physical-chemical and microbiological analyzes followed standardized methods for infiltration, color, moisture, texture, nitrogen, phosphorus, total organic carbon, pH and microbial respiration. The results analyzed by ANOVA show in the microbiological analyzes a clear tendency to increase with the rest years in the initial> intermediate stage. Soil chemical analysis shows that most of the values are not affected by the rest time with high values for TOC, and relatively poor in total N and P available. The pH on the other hand remained constant over time. On the other hand the microbiological variables mainly represent statistically significant variations due to the tillage applied during the cultivation process. Finally, it can be concluded that the moderate agricultural rest period (seven years) to which the soils of the Sumapaz moor were subjected seem not to be sufficient for a natural restoration of the physical and chemical properties of these; on the other hand also that the characterization of the soils studied presents representative variations with respect to the soils of the crops under conventional agricultural management.
Palabras clave
Suelos, Cultivo de Papa, Caracterización, Páramo, TECNOLOGÍA EN SANEAMIENTO AMBIENTAL - TESIS Y DISERTACIONES ACADÉMICAS, PAPAS (TUBÉRCULOS) - CULTIVO, PÁRAMOS, MICROBIOLOGÍA DE SUELOS, ANÁLISIS DE SUELOS, Soils, Potato Farming, Characterization, Moorland